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Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) is a type of spectroscopy that uses a laser beam to irradiate a sample containing particles in suspension resulting in light scattering. Rapid fluctuations in scattering intensity around a mean value at a certain angle occur because of particle diffusion and are dependent upon on particle size. The calculated correlation function yields a diffusion coefficient, for a given temperature and viscosity, that can be used to calculate particle size.
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| Size by DLS |
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Zeta Potential Assay
Particle surface characteristics and charge play an important role in the particle’s physical state, stability in different media, agglomeration tendencies, and interaction with biological systems. Zeta potential measurement provides an indirect measure of the net charge and as a tool to test batch-to-batch consistency.
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| Zeta Potential |
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In Vitro Characterization Assays
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| Hep G2 Hepatocarcinoma Cytotoxicity Assay (MTT) |
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| Hep G2 Hepatocarcinoma Cytotoxicity Assay | (LDH) |
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Caspase Apoptosis
Caspase Apoptosis assays monitor apoptosis by measuring the degree of the caspace (family of cysteine proteases) activity, an indicator of apoptosis. Caspase apoptosis assays measure the cleavage of the DEVD-AFC (Amino Tri-fluoromethyl Coumarin substrate to free AFC. Free AFC emits yellow-green fluorescence (1,2,6).
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| Caspase Apoptosis |
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Blood Contact Assays
Hemolysis Assay
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In Vivo Characterization Assays
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| Pharmacokinetics |
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| Tissue Distribution |
References
- ISO 10993-5 Biological evaluation of medical devices: Part 5 Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity.
- F1903 – 98 Standard Practice for Testing for Biological Responses to Particles in vitro .
- Alley, et al. (1988) Cancer Res. 48:589-601.
- Decker, T. & Lohmann-Matthes, M.L. (1988) J. Immunol Methods 15:61-69.
- Korzeniewski, C. & Callewaert, D.M. (1983) J. Immunol Methods 64:313-320.
Wang et al. (2005) Cell Bio. Int. 29: 489-496.
