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The AIM Foundation and AIM 4.0 model are used to express and capture image annotation and markup information relevant to images. They are described using a Unified Modeling Language (UML) class diagram. An annotation can contain explanatory or descriptive information that is generated by humans or machines, which directly relates to the content of a referenced image or images. It describes information regarding the meaning of pixel information in images. Annotations also become a collection of image semantic content that can be used for data mining purposes. An image markup is a graphical symbol or textual description associated with an image. Markups can be used to depict textual information and regions-of-interest visually alongside of, or more typically when overlaid upon, an image.
Both models capture imaging physical entities and their characteristics, imaging observation entities and their characteristics, markups (two- and three-dimensional), AIM statements, calculations, image source, inferences, annotation role, task context or workflow, audit trail, AIM creator, equipment used to create AIM instances, subject demographics, and adjudication observations. The 4.0 model has nine additional classes for storing lesion observations in Radiology and Oncology.
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An instance of annotation-of-annotation may have one or more general lesion observations associated with it. AnnotationOfAnnotationHasGeneralLesionObservationEntityStatement represents a direct relationship between an instance of annotation-of-annotation and general lesion observation. If you have two general lesion observations, you will need to create two statements.
A use case: An adjudicator wants to create a general lesion observation statement from an annotation-of-annotation.
Assumption:
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An instance of annotation-of-annotation may have one or more timepoint lesion observations associated with it. AnnotationOfAnnotationHasTimePointLesionObservationEntityStatement represents a direct relationship between an instance of annotation-of-annotation and timepoint lesion observation. If you have two timepoint lesion observations, you will need to create two statements.
A use case: An adjudicator wants to create a timepoint lesion observation statement from an annotation-of-annotation.
Assumption:
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An instance of image annotation may have one or more general lesion observations associated with it. ImageAnnotationHasGeneralLesionObservationEntityStatement represents a direct relationship between an instance of image annotation and general lesion observation. If you have two general lesion observations, you will need to create two statements.
A use case: An adjudicator wants to create a timepoint lesion observation statement from an image annotation.
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An instance of image annotation may have one or more timepoint lesion observations associated with it. ImageAnnotationHasTimePointLesionObservationEntityStatement represents a direct relationship between an instance of image annotation and time-point lesion observation. If you have two general lesion observations, you will need to create two statements.
A use case: An adjudicator wants to create a timepoint lesion observation statement from an image annotation.
Assumption:
- An image annotation, each with timepoint lesion observation, was created earlier from a reader.
- There is a system capable of reading and extracting information from the annotation for further displaying, computing and manipulating purposes.
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The class is used to record a relationship between a timepoint lesion observation entity and imaging physical entity. Each lesion observation can only be directly related to one imaging physical entity.
A use case: An imaging interpreter wants to link a timepoint lesion observation and imaging physical annotation.
Working with AIM:
- Create an imaging physical entity instance.
- Create a timepoint lesion observation entity instance.
- Create a TimePointLesionObservationEntityHasImagingPhysicalEntityStatement statement linking the timepoint lesion observation entity (subjects) to the imaging physical entity (objects).
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